The effect of interval training compared to continuous training on the expression of GSK-3β and CRMP2 genes in adipose tissue of obese rats with type 2 diabetes

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Ph.D. Student,, Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Bojnourd Branch, Bojnourd, North Khorasan, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Bojnourd Branch, Bojnourd, North Khorasan, Iran

10.22091/arsnes.2026.14544.1043

Abstract

Background and Aims:
Given the established link between obesity and neurological disorders, this study aimed to compare the effects of interval and continuous training on neurodegenerative factors in obese diabetic male rats.

Materials and Methods:
Twenty male Wistar rats (10 weeks old, 250±50g) were divided into four groups: healthy control, diabetic control, interval training, and continuous training. Diabetes was induced via a high-fat diet and streptozotocin injection. Training was conducted five days per week for eight weeks. Gene expression of GSK-3β and CRMP2 was analyzed using Real Time-PCR, and data were evaluated with one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test (p<0.05).

Results:

GSK-3β expression significantly decreased in both training groups compared to the diabetic control (p=0.001 and p=0.003), with no significant difference between training groups (p=0.580).

CRMP2 expression was significantly lower in both training groups compared to the diabetic control (p=0.001 and p=0.005), with interval training showing a greater reduction than continuous training (p=0.043).

Conclusion:
Exercise training, particularly interval training, may serve as both a therapeutic and preventive strategy against the progression of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases.

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History

  • Receive Date: 17 October 2025
  • Revise Date: 28 October 2025
  • Accept Date: 09 December 2025
  • First Publish Date: 22 December 2025
  • Publish Date: 22 December 2025

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